{"id":13209,"date":"2024-09-19T11:37:41","date_gmt":"2024-09-19T16:37:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/elections.montreal.ca\/?page_id=13209"},"modified":"2025-11-27T10:59:08","modified_gmt":"2025-11-27T15:59:08","slug":"electoral-glossary-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/elections.montreal.ca\/en\/electoral-glossary-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Electoral glossary"},"content":{"rendered":"
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A<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 B<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 C<\/a> \u00a0 \u00a0D<\/a> \u00a0 \u00a0E<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 F<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0 G<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 H\u00a0 \u00a0 I\u00a0 \u00a0 J\u00a0 \u00a0 K<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0 L<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 M<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 N<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 O <\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0P<\/a> \u00a0 \u00a0Q<\/a> \u00a0 \u00a0R<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 S<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 T<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 U<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0 V<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 W\u00a0 \u00a0 X\u00a0 \u00a0 Y\u00a0 \u00a0 Z<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n

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A<\/strong><\/span> <\/a><\/p>\n

Addition of votes<\/strong><\/span>
\nAn event that takes place after an election was held at a time and place determined by the Returning Officer. During the addition of the votes, the election staff uses the Statements of Vote forms to compile the votes expressed in favour of each candidate for the election.<\/p>\n

Advance voting, advance poll<\/strong><\/span>
\nA poll held on the Sunday prior to the election day. The date, times and locations of advance poll are published in the Reminder card and on this website. Advance polling allows an elector who wishes to vote before election day to do so.<\/p>\n

Agglomeration Council<\/strong><\/span>
\nA decision-making body composed of thirty-one elected officials from the Ville de Montr\u00e9al and the reconstructed on-island cities that make up the Montr\u00e9al Urban Agglomeration. Members of the agglomeration council make decisions on property assessments, security services, social housing and water supply.<\/p>\n

Assistant returning officer<\/strong><\/span>
\nA person named by the chief returning officer to coordinate election operations in a sector of the city. The assistant returning officer ensures that the election is conducted in accordance with the established rules. Like all election personnel, this person must demonstrate exemplary impartiality.<\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n

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B<\/strong><\/span> <\/a><\/p>\n

Ballot box<\/strong><\/span>
\nAn official box where marked ballots from electors are deposited. The ballot box must be made of sturdy material. It has a narrow opening so that ballots can be inserted but not removed without the ballot box being opened at the time of vote counting.<\/p>\n

Ballot or ballot paper<\/strong><\/span>
\nA paper on which electors (voters) indicate their choice. The ballot paper contains the surnames, first names and parties (if any) of the candidates. Voters mark the ballot with a pencil in the circle opposite the candidate of their choice. Voters who are unable to mark their own ballot may request assistance.<\/p>\n

Board of Revisors<\/strong><\/span>
\nA group of three persons responsible for updating the list of electors in the run-up to an election. They evaluate requests from people who wish to be entered on the list, make corrections to information concerning themselves or, for example, to have their name struck off (removed) from the electoral list. A board of revisors sits during a time period determined by the AERM and the Returning Officer.<\/p>\n

Borough<\/strong><\/span>
\nAdministrative division of the city to which is attached a borough council, a body where decisions are made, particularly with respect to urban planning, the road network and recreation. The 19 Montr\u00e9al boroughs vary in size in terms of both the number of elected officials and of electors. The boroughs contribute to preserving local character and providing local services.<\/p>\n

Borough council<\/strong><\/span>
\nA body that makes decisions and adopts by-laws, principally in matters of urban planning, roads, permits, culture and recreation specific to that borough. Montr\u00e9al has nineteen borough councils, each composed of the borough mayor and the councillors elected to represent the population within that borough.<\/p>\n

Borough councillor<\/strong><\/span>
\nA person elected by ballot to sit on his or her borough council, where he or she represents the population of his or her borough or district for a 4-year period. Montr\u00e9al has 38 borough councillors.<\/p>\n

Borough Mayor<\/strong><\/span>
\nA person elected by the voters of his or her borough. The borough mayor represents the population of his or her borough on city council. She or he also sits on the borough council alongside other elected councillors from the borough. Montr\u00e9al has 19 borough mayors. The city mayor automatically becomes the borough mayor of Ville-Marie.<\/p>\n

By-Election<\/strong><\/span>
\nWhen a vacancy occurs in an elected council position, an election for that office is organized. The persons who are registered to vote within a district or a borough affected by the opening of the position are invited to vote in the by-election. The person who wins this vote remains in office until a general election is held.<\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n

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C<\/strong><\/span> <\/a><\/p>\n

Candidate<\/strong><\/span>
\nA person who is nominated and accepts to run for an elected office somewhere in Ville de Montr\u00e9al. In order to officially become a candidate, interested persons must file a duly completed nomination form with the Returning Officer. At the end of the poll, the candidate who receives the most votes will hold the position for a period of four years.<\/p>\n

Chief Electoral Officer of Quebec<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe person (and agency) responsible for the administration of provincial elections, the permanent list of electors and the oversight of political party financing and election expenses. The Chief Electoral Officer\u2019s department (\u00c9lections Qu\u00e9bec) can make recommendations and, upon request, provide assistance to Returning Officers. This institution is under the authority of the Qu\u00e9bec National Assembly.<\/p>\n

City councillor or municipal councillor<\/strong><\/span>
\nA person elected by ballot to sit on the city council and the council of his or her borough, where he or she represents the population of his or her borough or district for a 4-year period. Montr\u00e9al has 46 city councillors.<\/p>\n

City (Municipal) Council<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe main decision-making body of the city of Montr\u00e9al, composed of 65 elected members. The city council is made up of the city mayor, the 18 borough mayors and the 46 city councillors. City council meetings are usually held on the 3rd<\/sup>\u00a0or 4th<\/sup>\u00a0Monday of each month.<\/p>\n

City Mayor<\/strong><\/span>
\nA person elected by all the voters of the city. The city mayor represents the entire population of Montr\u00e9al. She or he appoints the members of the Executive Committee, has the right to monitor the city and guides the implementation of projects. The city mayor automatically becomes the borough mayor of Ville-Marie.<\/p>\n

Counting of the voters<\/strong><\/span>
\nA procedure that take place after the polls close to examine one by one the ballot papers marked by the electors. These ballot papers are meticulously compiled and a Statement of Vote is prepared. Adding together the numbers of valid votes cast in the different polling stations tells us who wins the election.<\/p>\n

Curatorship<\/strong><\/span>
\nA measure taken to protect and represent persons deemed incompetent. A person under curatorship is not a qualified elector and therefore cannot register on the electoral list, vote or run for office. Curatorship is not irreversible.<\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n

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D<\/strong><\/span> <\/a><\/p>\n

Declaration of election<\/strong><\/span>
\nOfficial disclosure of those persons elected after the votes are counted. The declaration of election is made in writing and signed by the chief electoral officer and mentions the date of the declaration, the name and address of the candidate elected and the office to which the candidate is elected.<\/p>\n

Domiciled elector<\/strong><\/span>
\nPerson entered on the list of electors by virtue of the fact that he or she is domiciled (resides) in Montr\u00e9al. Domiciled electors are entered on the list of electors at the address where they reside within the city. More than 99% of the electors are domiciled in Montr\u00e9al.<\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n

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E<\/strong><\/span> <\/a><\/p>\n

Election day or polling day<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe last day on which persons entered (registered) on the list of electors can vote in a given election. The election day is the official voting day.<\/p>\n

Election period<\/strong><\/span>
\nPeriod beginning on the 44th day before election (polling) day. The election period ends on election day at the scheduled closing time of the polling stations.<\/p>\n

Election staff<\/strong><\/span>
\nPolling employees including deputy returning officers, poll clerks, information and order officers and their assistants, as well as the staff of a board of revisors. Election staff includes the Returning Officer, the chief poll clerk, their assistants, returning officers and any other person whose services the Returning Officer requires in connection with the conduct of an election. Every member of the election staff must swear an oath that he or she will perform his or her duties in accordance with the law.<\/p>\n

Elections Canada<\/strong><\/span>
\nA federal non-partisan organization charged with conducting general elections, by-elections and referenda in federal electoral districts. Elections Canada reports to the Parliament of Canada.<\/p>\n

Elections Montreal<\/strong><\/span>
\nA municipal organization that organizes the holding of elections within Montr\u00e9al and promotes electoral participation in a neutral, impartial and non-partisan manner. The City Clerk is ex officio the Returning Officer and therefore the head of \u00c9lections Montr\u00e9al. The strength of \u00c9lections Montr\u00e9al comes from the commitment of its electoral personnel.<\/p>\n

Elections Quebec<\/strong><\/span>
\nA provincial body responsible for the administration of provincial elections, the permanent list of electors and the oversight of political party financing and election expenses. \u00c9lections Qu\u00e9bec (headed by Qu\u00e9bec\u2019s Chief Electoral Officer) can make recommendations and, upon request, provide assistance to Returning Officer. \u00c9lections Qu\u00e9bec reports to the Qu\u00e9bec National Assembly.<\/p>\n

Elector or voter<\/strong><\/span>
\nA person whose name is entered on the city\u2019s list of electors (electoral list). The electors vote for one or more candidates. Montr\u00e9al has over 1.1 million qualified electors.<\/p>\n

Electoral district<\/strong><\/span>
\nBoroughs are divided into electoral districts in such a way that they ensure a balanced representation at decision-making bodies. Montr\u00e9al\u2019s boroughs include between two and five electoral districts. The boundaries and names of the city\u2019s 58 electoral districts are adopted by by-law in the year preceding a general election.<\/p>\n

Electoral framework<\/strong><\/span>
\nRules and process which establish the composition of the city (municipal) council and the borough councils as a function of the division of the territory into electoral districts. The electoral framework\u00a0determines, among other things, which elected positions the voters of various districts will vote for. Montr\u00e9al has a total of 103 elected positions.<\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n

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G<\/strong><\/span> <\/a><\/p>\n

General Election<\/strong><\/span>
\nAn election that is held every four years and simultaneously in Montr\u00e9al\u2019s 19 boroughs and in all other Qu\u00e9bec municipalities on the first Sunday in November. Montr\u00e9al\u2019s general election is held to fill its 103 elected positions.<\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n

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L<\/strong><\/span> <\/a><\/p>\n

List of Electors or Electoral List<\/strong><\/span>
\nA list that includes the names of electors who are eligible to vote. Sometimes called the \u201cvoters list\u201d in English. Every person who wishes to exercise his or her right to vote must appear on the list of electors. A revision process makes it possible to update the list of electors as an election approaches. After the revision period ends, it is impossible for a person to register to vote.<\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n

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M\u00a0<\/strong><\/span> <\/a><\/p>\n

Minist\u00e8re des Affaires municipales et de l’Habitation (MAMH)<\/strong><\/span>
\nA provincial ministry responsible for the proper administration of municipal affairs and housing. It supports municipal institutions, advises the government on municipal matters and represents the government in its dealings with municipalities. The Ministry of Municipal Affairs is responsible for the administration of the Act Respecting Elections and Referendums in Municipalities (AERM).<\/p>\n

Mobile poll<\/strong><\/span>
\nVoting procedure for people domiciled in a nursing home, hospital or other eligible residence. During this vote, an \u00c9lections Montr\u00e9al team visits electors who are unable to move about. The electors who, because of health reasons, are not able to go to the polling station but are not domicilied in health center can also request this service.<\/p>\n

Montr\u00e9al Urban Agglomeration<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe territory formed by the city of Montr\u00e9al and the 15 other municipalities on the island of Montr\u00e9al. Elected officials from the various municipalities meet as the Agglomeration Council to make decisions on common issues.<\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n

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N<\/strong><\/span> <\/a><\/p>\n

Non domiciled elector<\/strong><\/span>
\nA person entered on the list of electors by virtue of the fact that he\/she is, for example, the owner or occupant of a business establishment located within the city limits. Non domiciled electors are entered on the electoral list at the address of the business establishment that they occupy or own. A given person may appear in only one place on the list of electors.<\/p>\n

Nomination form<\/strong><\/span>
\nAn official document that allows an eligible person to submit their candidacy for an elected office. The nomination form must be filed at one of the offices of the Returning Officer on the appointed days and times. On the nomination form, the candidate must specify the elected office he or she is seeking and, among other things, present supporting signatures, the number of which is established by the AERM. In French, this form is referred to as a \u201cD\u00e9claration de candidature\u201d or sometimes a \u201cbulletin de candidature\u201d.<\/p>\n

Notice of Election<\/strong><\/span>
\nA notice informing the public that there will be en election in Montr\u00e9al. The\u00a0Notice of Election<\/em> is issued by the Returning Officer at the very beginning of the election period. Among other things, it indicates the positions that are open for candidates, the time and place where nomination forms must be submitted and the days and times of voting.<\/p>\n

Notice of entry<\/strong><\/span>
\nA card sent by postal mail to electors who are on the list of electors before the list is revised. The\u00a0Notice of entry<\/em> invites the persons who receive it to present a request before the Board of Revisors if they notice an error or omission. In order to vote, electors must first be entered on the electoral list.<\/p>\n

Notice of Poll<\/strong><\/span>
\nA public notice published by the Returning Officer after the nomination period closes. The\u00a0Notice of Poll<\/em>\u00a0tells voters who the candidates are and the days and times at which polling (voting) will take place.<\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n

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P<\/strong><\/span> <\/a><\/p>\n

Party Leader<\/strong><\/span>
\nA person designated to lead a political party that operates within the city. The party leader has obligations under the Act Respecting Elections and Referendums in Municipalities (AERM). It is this person who confirms to the Returning Officer who are the party\u2019s candidates for the various elected positions.<\/p>\n

Political party<\/strong><\/span>
\nA group of persons whose primary objective is to promote and represent ideas and orientations. Any political party\u00a0that wishes to solicit or collect contributions, incur expenses (including election expenses), or contract loans must hold an authorization from the Chief Electoral Officer of Qu\u00e9bec. A political party often publishes policy guidelines on how to represent the population and implement municipal projects.<\/p>\n

Poll<\/strong><\/span>
\nUnder the law, the poll, held on polling day or election day, is when electors (voters) cast their votes. Polling day is preceded by the advance poll. The election results include votes cast on polling day and at other times during the election period.<\/p>\n

Polling station<\/strong><\/span>
\nA furnished space where \u00c9lections Montr\u00e9al receives electors who come to vote. Several polling stations are commonly located at a single polling location. A polling station is typically staffed by a deputy returning officer and a secretary. Only persons who are on the electoral list associated with a given polling station may vote there.<\/p>\n

Polling subdivision<\/strong><\/span>
\nA division of the list of electors within a given electoral district. Each polling subdivision of the electoral list may include a maximum of 500 electors. On election day, all electors in the same polling subdivision exercise their right at one given polling station.<\/p>\n

Proxy<\/strong><\/span>
\nA document whereby a person, group of people or a party designates a person to act on their behalf or represent them in the former\u2019s name.<\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n

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Q<\/strong><\/span> <\/a><\/p>\n

Qualification to vote<\/strong><\/span>
\nRequirements to fulfil in order to vote in an election. Electors in Montr\u00e9al must be, among other things, persons of major age and Canadian citizens.<\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n

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R<\/strong><\/span> <\/a><\/p>\n

Relative<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe father, mother, grandfather, grandmother, father-in-law, mother-in-law, brother, sister, brother-in-law, sister-in-law, son, daughter, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, grandson or granddaughter of an elector or a person who is entitled to be registered on the list of electors and to vote.<\/p>\n

Reminder card<\/strong><\/span>
\nA card sent by postal mail to persons entered on the list of electors. The\u00a0Reminder<\/em>\u00a0Card\u00a0<\/em>is sent to their address as it appears on the list of electors after revision. The Reminder\u00a0Card<\/em> includes the names of the candidates, the dates and polling place where the election will be held as well as the polling station number of the recipient(s). One Reminder Card\u00a0is sent per address.<\/p>\n

Representative of a candidate<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe law permits each authorized party or recognized team and each independent candidate to be represented by one person for each polling station where a vote may be cast in his or her favour. These people are the candidate\u2019s representatives. The role of the representative is to ensure that everything runs smoothly.<\/p>\n

Returning Officer<\/strong><\/span>
\nThis person sees to the smooth running of the election, trains the election personnel and directs their work. He or she also names a chief poll clerk to assist in the work of managing the polling. The City Clerk is ex officio the Returning Officer.<\/p>\n

Revision of the list of electors<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe revision of the list of electors is a process of updating the information that makes up the list of electors. For example, this updating allows an elector who wishes to vote to register their name on the list of electors. It also allows for the striking off or removal of names of certain persons and the correction of information pertaining to the identity of electors. The revision of the list of electors allows for the constitution of a list of eligible voters that is as up-to-date as possible when an election is soon to be held. Only those persons who are registered on the municipal list of electors are entitled to vote on election day. The revision of the list of electors is completed a few days before the advance poll.<\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n

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S\u00a0<\/strong><\/span> <\/a><\/p>\n

Striking off<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe act by a board of revisors of removing an elector\u2019s name from the list of electors. Striking off leads to the temporary or permanent removal of a person\u2019s name from the list of electors. It is up to the board of revisors to decide whether or not to accept a request for striking off.<\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n

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T<\/strong><\/span> <\/a><\/p>\n

The Executive Committee<\/strong><\/span>
\nA decision-making body that reports to the Montr\u00e9al city council. The Executive Committee consists of municipal elected members, including the mayor, a president and two vice-presidents. It exercises powers with respect to local and agglomeration jurisdictions. The decision-making powers of the Executive Committee notably include the granting of contracts and subsidies and the management of human and financial resources, purchasing and real estate. Regular meetings of the Executive Committee are held on Wednesdays almost every week.<\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n

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V<\/strong><\/span> <\/a><\/p>\n

Ville de Montr\u00e9al (the City of Montreal)<\/strong><\/span>
\nQu\u00e9bec\u2019s metropolis and Canada\u2019s second-largest city. The Ville de Montr\u00e9al counts more than 1.1 million electors. Under the Montr\u00e9al Charter of Rights and Freedoms, citizen participation in municipal affairs contributes to strengthening confidence in democratic institutions.<\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"7651,8495,8557,8895,8900,8902","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13209","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nElectoral glossary - 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